Hint: A close call at the ceiling
A few more inches left or right could have spelled disaster for this NM cable installed directly beneath the metal corrugated roof. There is one long screw that penetrated the roof in very close proximity to this cable. Section 300.4(E) prohibits cables, raceways, and boxes from being installed less than 1½ in. from the lowest portion of the metal-corrugated roof decking. I’m assuming the piece of cardboard folded around the NM cable where the cable crosses the metal I-beam was an attempt to provide some type of protection from abrasion or pinching of the cable. There are much better options than cardboard for providing protection for cables including bushings, grommets, and protective raceway sleeves.