When electricians who are now approaching retirement started in the trade, almost nobody performed conductor maintenance other than by visual inspection. Those firms that performed any kind of testing usually used a particular brand of insulation resistance tester. In most situations, the test was “pass or fail” based on some desired value of resistance for a given type of conductor. This meant a lot of false negatives and some false positives.
Then a smart practice began to catch on. By trending the insulation resistance readings of a specific conductor over time, you could detect a condition change. Those who implemented this experienced a sharp drop in conductor failures and unscheduled shutdowns to deal with them.
Because insulation resistance testing requires taking a conductor out of service, it is typically used only for service and feeder conductors. That is also true of other valuable tests for conductors that require connecting an instrument to the conductor(s) under test. Examples of such instruments include insulation leakage testers, conductivity testers, and high ohm testers.