The requirements for energy storage systems were heavily changed with the 2020 National Electrical Code (NEC). That should come as no surprise, given the massive increase in large-scale wind and solar power generation systems. Article 706 provides the requirements for energy storage systems that have a capacity greater than 1kWh [706.1] and are capable of providing power to the premises wiring system or to a power distribution network [706.2].
Some key points include:
- The disconnecting means must meet the requirements enumerated in 706.15(A)(1) through (3).
- The disconnecting means must be installed per the requirements of Part III and 706.15(B) through (D).
- Article 706 has its own requirements for conductor sizing [706.30], but you size overcurrent protection per Article 240 [706.31(A)].
- Overcurrent protection devices for any dc portion must be listed for dc, and have the appropriate voltage, current, and interrupting rating for the application [706.31(C)].
- The system must have provision for charge control. Adjustable means for control of the charging process must be accessible only to qualified personnel [706.33(A)].
- A system using flow batteries must comply with Part V.
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