All references are based on the 2014 edition of the NEC.
Scary Sauna Switches
Well, circuit breakers were certainly not designed to be installed or used in this manner. Therefore, this installation clearly violates Sec. 110.3(B). I also don’t think these installation methods are recognized as suitable by the Code, as indicated in Sec. 110.8.
The lack of mechanical continuity of the raceway creates a violation of Sec. 300.12. Section 348.30 requires this flexible metal conduit (FMC) to be securely fastened in place. This FMC is just flapping in the wind.
In addition, these circuit breakers are not protected from damage by being installed in an appropriate enclosure, cabinet, or assembly, as required by
Sec. 240.30(A). These circuit breakers should have been installed in a panelboard or a switchboard rather than just sticking them in a plastic box designed for yoke-mounted devices such as a receptacle or snap switch.
Appalling Panel
The photo on the right shows the wiring coming directly through the floor with no raceway or any type of protection. This is a serious violation of Sec. 310.10, which requires these single conductors to be installed in a Chapter 3 wiring method such as electrical metallic tubing (EMT), rigid metal conduit (RMC), or other types of raceways or cables that could provide some protection for the wires.
The missing panel cover creates a serious shock hazard since it leaves energized parts exposed to accidental contact. This is a dangerous violation of Sec. 110.27.
The photo below reveals the aluminum feeder wires were too big for the terminals so the installer trimmed some of the strands. Mixing aluminum and copper in the same terminal violates
Sec. 110.14 unless the terminals are specifically designed for it. Installing more than one conductor in each terminal violates Sec. 110.14(B).